Dangers of electricity

Introduction

Awareness of electrical hazards consists of:

make the public concerned aware of the dangers of electric current.
provide the basics in terms of electrical safety in order to perform electrical tasks safely; whether in the professional or domestic field,
pass the theoretical validation validation test

Generally, people who have not received safety training do not behave in a way that ensures their safety, one of the causes being the invisibility of electrical current. It is necessary to help them:

avoid hurting yourself or others
understand what it means to work safely
become aware of the cost of "non-security"

Définition

Definition : a hazard = a danger

Electrical Hazard

An Electrical Hazard can expose workers

What an electrical hazard can expose workers to.

Clic on the picture to see what an electrical hazard can expose workers to.

Electrical Hazard expose workers

Consequences of an electric shock

What are the possible consequences of an electric shock on the body ?

Fill the gaps

A shock can cause muscle spasms,

A shock can cause cardiac arrest,

A shock can cause burns to tissues and organs ,

A shock can affect the nervous system.

What are the possible consequences of an electric shock on the body ?

Fill the gaps

A shock can cause muscle spasms,

A shock can cause cardiac arrest,

A shock can cause burns to tissues and organs ,

A shock can affect the nervous system.

Quiz:General effects of electric current

The general effects of electric current differ for man, woman and child.

For the same amount of current, women generally have worse symptoms then men.

What is the effect for each current value ?

Electric current (contact for 1s)	Effect
Below 1 mA
1 mA
5 mA
6-25 mA (women)
9 to 30 mA (men)
50 to 150 mA
1 to 4.3 A
10 A

Electric current (contact for 1s)	Effect
Below 1 mA	Not perceptible
1 mA	Threshold of feeling,
5 mA	Slight shock. Not painful.
6-25 mA (women)	Loss of muscle control
9 to 30 mA (men)	Freezing current, "can't let go". The person may be thrown away from the power source.
50 to 150 mA	Extreme pain. Respiratory arrest. Muscles reactions. Possible Death.
1 to 4.3 A	Fibrillation of the heart. Muscular contraction and nerve damage occur. Likely death.
10 A	Cardiac arrest, severe burns. Death is probable

Quiz:Vocabulary - part 1

Fill in the list of new vocabulary words on your sheet of paper

To injure / an injury
Live parts / live
A fault / faulty
Ignition
Safety procedures
A risk assessment
To weld / welding
Suitable / unsuitable
A surrounding area
An extention lead
To avoid
RCD (residual current device)
A medical treatment
To wire / to be rewired
To maim
To repair / a repair
Plugs/sockets
To take for granted

To injure / an injury	Etre blessé / une blessure
Live parts / live	Partie sous tension
A fault / faulty	Défaillant
Ignition	Allumage
Safety procedures	Les procédures de sécurité
A risk assessment	Une évaluation des risques
To weld / welding	Souder / soudure
Suitable / unsuitable	Convient / ne convient pas
A surrounding area	Une zone environnante
An extention lead	Une rallonge
To avoid	To avoid
RCD (residual current device)	DDR (disjoncteur différentiel)
A medical treatment	Un traitement médical
To wire / to be rewired	Câbler / être cablé
To maim	Mutiler
To repair / a repair	Réparer / une réparation
Plugs/sockets	Une prise mâle / femelle
To take for granted	Considérer comme acquis

Basic notions

Introduction

Safety training should cover:

knowledge of rules and procedures,
the use of tools and protections,
motivation to do the job the right way.

In the next step, you will have to answer a few questions on basic notions of electrical protection

Basics of Contact with Electricity

It is the level of voltage the body is exposed to and the resistance to flow of electrical current offered by the body that determines the impact of exposure to electricity. The following factors determine the severity of the effect electric shock has on your body:

Fill the gaps with the flollowing words :

flows
resistance
voltage
path

The level of voltage
The amount of body resistance you have to the current flow
The path the current takes through your body
The length of time the current flows through your body

How Electric Current affects the Body

Electric Current affects the body when it flows through. The basic unit of current is the amp. This is the current which flows through a resistance of 1 ohm (Ω) when a voltage of 1 volt is applied across it. However, currents as low as thousandths of amps (milliamps) can have an adverse effect on the body.

The table below gives an illustration of the types of effects various levels of currents can have on the body.

Accepted as maximum harmless current Temporary respiratory paralysis, possibility of death. Beginning of muscular contraction ("Can't let go" current.) Ventricular fibrillation, fatal if continued. Respiratory function continues. You are starting to feel something	0,5mA
	5mA
	10mA
	30 à 75mA
	1A et plus

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) means any device or appliance designed to be worn or held by an individual for protection against one or more health and safety hazards.

	Electrical insulating gloves
	Low voltage detectors
	Insulating mats
	Helmet with integrated face shield
	Insulating boots class

The first step to do

If a worker has come into contact with electricity the worker may not be able to remove themselves from the electrical source.

The human body is a good conductor of electricity.

If you touch a person while they are in contact with the electrical source, the electricity will flow through your body causing electrical shock.

What is the first step to do in this case ?

attempt to of the electricity. the source turn off Firstly

Basics of Contact with Electricity

The level of voltage
The amount of body resistance you have to the current flow
The path the current takes through your body
The length of time the current flows through your body

How Electric Current affects the Body

	0,5mA You are starting to feel something
	5mA Accepted as maximum harmless current
	10mA Beginning of muscular contraction ("Can't let go" current.)
	30 à 75mA Ventricular fibrillation, fatal if continued. Respiratory function continues.
	1A et plus Temporary respiratory paralysis, possibility of death.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) means any device or appliance designed to be worn or held by an individual for protection against one or more health and safety hazards.

	Electrical insulating gloves
	Low voltage detectors
	Insulating mats
	Helmet with integrated face shield
	Insulating boots class

The first step to do

Firstly attempt to turn off the source of the electricity.

Quiz:Vocabulary - part 2

Fill in the list of new vocabulary words on your sheet of paper

A residual current device
An earth leakage trip device
To be fitted
To be damaged
To be labelled
To overload
A socket
To be unplugged
To be discharged
A lockout / tagout

A residual current device	Un dispositif à courant résiduel
An earth leakage trip device	Un déclencheur différentiel
To be fitted	À installer
To be damaged	Être endommagé
To be labelled	Installer une pancarte
To overload	Surcharger
A socket	Une prise
To be unplugged	Être débranché
To be discharged	Être déchargé
A lockout / tagout	Un cadenassage / étiquetage

Be prepared to work safely

Electrical Hazards

Watch the video carefully below

To see the subtitles, clic on the gear wheel on the rigth and choose English

Be prepared to work safety

Are you prepared ?

Introduction

You have carefully watched the video "Be prepared to work safely".

You will be able to answer the following series of quizzes

Operate electric equipment correctly

If you do not operate electric equipment correctly, what can be the consequences :

for people :
for equipment :

Complete the sentences :

Contact with live parts will result in electric shocks and burns

Ignition can be provoked by a faulty equipment and cause fire or explosion.

Every company should have safety procedures that need to be respected.

Before every job it's essential to : assess potential risks check if equipment is suitable/ safe to use and not faulty / damaged

Wet conditions

How can risks be reduced in wet conditions ? Give examples.

You can use :

Damaged equipment

Fill the gap

In wet conditions, any damaged equipment can become dead.

Devices

Give a example of devices that can be easily damaged :

Devices

Give another example of devices that can be easily damaged :

Damaged equipment

What can develop a damaged equipment ?

A damaged equipment can develop an electrical fault when you're working in a confined space.

Sockets

Can you overload sockets ?

Sockets can be overload No

Complete the sentence :

The safest way is to unplugged electrical equipment before use it and make sure it is fully discharged

Operate electric equipment correctly

Contact with live parts will result in electric shocks and burns

Ignition can be provoked by a faulty equipment and cause fire or explosion.

Every company should have safety procedures that need to be respected.

Before every job it's essential to : assess potential risks check if equipment is suitable/ safe to use and not faulty / damaged

Wet conditions

How can risks be reduced in wet conditions ? Give examples.

You can use :

air equipment

Damaged equipment

In wet conditions, any damaged equipment can become dead.

Devices

Give a example of devices that can be easily damaged :

Extension leads

Devices

Give another example of devices that can be easily damaged :

Extension leads

Damaged equipment

A damaged equipment can develop an electrical fault when you're working in a confined space.

Sockets

Sockets can be overload No

The safest way is to unplugged electrical equipment before use it and make sure it is fully discharged

Conclusion

Conclusion à faire